PEMIKIRAN AL-GHAZALI TENTANG MEKANISME PASAR DAN PENETAPAN HARGA

Market, country, individual and society have always been a hot topic of
economic discussion. The market is one of the economic driver in a country that
has an overall success can be seen from the market mechanism that carried out.
The economic real good of the country is driven by market mechanisms that
uphold freedom and justice. Hence, the market is free and impartial. The
operation of a market will be determined by several factors such as price, demand
and supply, distribution and specialization of workers. In case those factors run
according to the rules in the country, the economy in the country will be stable
certainly. The market is a natural mechanism for exchanging goods and services
and it has been going on since the beginning of human changes. Islam places the
market in an important position in the economy. The practices during the time of
Rasulullah SAW and al-Khulafa> al-Ra>shidu>n showed a large market role.
Rasulullah SAW really appreciated the price that was formed by the market as a
fair price. In the history of economics world, several Islamic economies have
emerged that raise scientific themes about market mechanisms, such as the
thought of al-Ghazali. The book Ih}ya> ‘Ulu>m al-Di>n is one of his great works and
one of the major works in the Islamic library. Although there are several other
works of al-Ghazali in various fields of economics but the essence of his entire
essay include his discussion of economics is the book Ih}ya> ‘Ulu>m al-Di>n. It
provides features and characteristics of Islam in various sciences (moral,
tas}awwuf, economic and other), be one source of economics. Al-Ghazali, an
Islamic scholar has socio-economics thought, rooted in a concept called “the
socioeconomic welfare function”. The concept based of all his works is the
concept of mas}lah}ah or social welfare, which is the concept that covers all human
activities and makes close relations between individual and society.